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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Pecan scab ： ウィキペディア英語版 Pecan scab Pecan Scab is the most economically significant disease of pecan trees (''Carya illinoinensis'') in the southeastern United States.〔Sanderlin, R. S. (n.d.). Pecan scab disease. Retrieved from http://www.lsuagcenter.com/NR/rdonlyres/A30CB512-CDB1-4DFB-8D41-9E6086DEF9EE/70679/ScabDisease_CorrectedName.pdf〕 ''Fusicladium effusum'' is a fungal plant pathogen that causes pecan scab. ''Fusicladium effusum'' causes lesions and tissue death on pecan twigs, petioles, leaves, nuts and shucks beginning in early spring, with multiple cycles of infection repeating until late summer. Wind and rain spread the fungus to a susceptible host. Control of the disease is achieved by fungicide, sanitation and, in some cases, quarantine.〔Smith, S., & Vann, S. (2013). Arkansas plant disease control products guide. Informally published manuscript, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR, Retrieved from http://www.uaex.edu/Other_Areas/publications/PDF/MP154/pecan-diseases-commercial.pdf〕 Since its first description in 1882, the pecan scab fungus has been reclassified nine times.〔Seryan et al, M. (2010). Phylogeny of the pecan scab fungus fusicladium effusum g. winter based on the cytochrome b gene sequence. Mycol Progress, (9), 305-308. Retrieved from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11557-009-0638-9〕 ''Fusicladium caryigenum'', ''Cladosporium effusum'' and cladosporium caryigenum are other names commonly associate with the fungus.〔Gottwald, T. R. (1982). Taxonomy of the pecan scab fungus cladosporium caryigenum. Mycologia, 74(3), 382-390. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/3792959?uid=3739976&uid=2134&uid=2&uid=70&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21102810125603〕 In 2010, Seyran and colleagues used sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene to conclusively classify the pecan scab fungus as ''Fusicladium effusum''.〔 ==Host and symptoms== ''Fusicladium effusum'' has a narrow host range, and its most economically significant host is the pecan, ''Carya illinoinensis''. The pathogen can also infect other trees in the genera ''Carya and Juglans'' (walnut).〔Schubert, K. (2003). A monograph of fusicladium s.lat. (hyphomycetes). Schlechtendalia, 9, 1-132.〕 Common symptoms of pecan scab disease include light brown to black lesions on stems, leaves, shucks and nuts.〔〔Demaree, J. B. (1928). Morphology and taxonomy of the pecan-scab fungus, cladosporium effusum wint. USDA Agricultural Research, (37), 181-187〕 Visible circular lesions begin to develop 7 to 14 days after infection, and first appear on young tissue as olive-green spots that turn black as they age.〔 Older lesions may crack and fall out of the leaf-blade creating a shot-hole affect.〔 Lesions range in diameter from a pinpoint to about one-quarter inch, and occur most numerously along leaf veins.〔 Numerous lesions can coalesce into larger dead areas on infected tissue and can cause early leaf loss. Lesions on nuts may look sunken and distort nut morphology. They may also cause nuts to shrivel or drop prematurely. Lesions are amphigenous, meaning they grow on both sides of leaves.〔Mycobank. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.mycobank.org/BioloMICS.aspx?Link=T&TableKey=14682616000000063&Rec=14612&Fields=All〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pecan scab」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.